The single thread which links the first ages of Christianity to our own times is the essential work of the popes in the different periods in which each was a vicar of Christ. In spite of the schisms in the eleventh and sixteenth centuries, the essential words, "You are Peter, and upon this rock I will build my Church", conferring on Peter the primacy and the special mission of the Church, have endured as the basic charter of the Church throughout the centuries.